As companies grow, often the capability of the original founders does not get designed into the systems they use to manage the business as it grows larger. As a result, the capability responsible for the early stage success doesn’t transfer well to the people they bring in to help expand operations. This occurs for technical reasons. In small, stable companies, close proximity and high levels of interaction create a shared mental model. When a shared mental model is in place and working, much of it goes unnoticed. Why? Much of the model is tucked away at higher order thinking levels operating inside the minds of the participants. Like the tip of an iceberg, the shared mental model is only partially visible. Without visibility, the mental model is not available to be fully shared with new people entering
the company.
As a company grows and the growth pulls the originators in different directions, people are brought in to fill the gaps and technical systems are developed and put into place. This is smart. Systems are needed to keep the business moving in the desired direction. As the company deploys the systems, everyone involved counts on them to secure company performance into the future.
As time goes by, it becomes clear that the systemization efforts are failing to maintain performance. Quality problems and rising costs are frequently the first visible signs that the shared mental model is becoming fragmented. Without the shared mental model in place to drive success, poor decision-making creeps in. Corrective actions fail to successfully contain the problem because the root cause of the problem is unrecognized. Waste builds up and profit margins go down.
Unless the shared mental model can be captured and built into the working fabric of the enterprise, performance will continue to decline. In a favorable market, the company may continue to be operational and even profitable but at lower levels of performance and with stunted growth. In an unfavorable market, the company may not survive, or it may be sold to a larger enterprise. In either case, the full potential value of the original company is never realized and has been lost.
Similar discussions of shared mental models can be found in The Fifth Discipline by Peter Senge (Random House).
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